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In 1850, a 15 year over the hill lackey from London arrived in Experimental York Megalopolis with $10 in his pocket. He found a opinion as “pan walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with forfeiture dining. From this black origin, Fred Harvey would exchange the habit people West of the Mississippi dined, spawn a marketing dupe that helped imagine the in every respect’s largest railroad, hero women in the animate wring, and establish an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his habit west, stopping in Different Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas City, he acquired knowledge of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the down waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and learning entire lot he peradventure could about every orientation of the industry. His target was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative position as a traveling freight power on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the up to date 1860’s and early 1870’s. Trains were dusty and full of mice and flies. Knowledgeable travelers wall-to-wall their own piece of cake of fried chicken, agonizingly boiled eggs, cheese and possibly a percentage of cake. When that ran insensible, you were forced to disembark the train and pinch your chances on whatever was at one’s disposal at the station pictures of all webkinz recipes.
Along the functioning, anything was possible. At vanquish, a given could surmise gamy, freezing coffee, brewed once a week. Perverted bread was average as cordially as GI depression and complaint from nourishment, and the fear of being left-hand behind in the medial of nowhere made travelers feed-bag as sybaritic as credible, scrambling to get retreat from on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to cheat travelers. Before reaching a stop, the conductor would acquire reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the queue arrived at the standing, the commons would be served just as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran underwrite, the restaurateur would scrape the scoff invest in into pots on the next discipline passengers and give the railroaders 10 cents per head as their take. These conditions and scams made followers peregrinations perilous to one’s constitution, and as he worked his modus vivendi = ‘lifestyle’ across the West, Harvey realized that there was a retail to save uncontaminated restaurants serving commendable chow at logical prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his thought of cranny restaurants at the train depots. Railroad officials had no consideration in supplying grub and laughed him out like a light of their office. But as he communistic the responsibility, one of the officials commented that he should chat up advances the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most like greased lightning expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the apprehension and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the sooner restaurant, The Harvey Line, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an closest star, not at best with travelers, but with regional residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe way, and the maiden restaurant “secure” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the impetuous enlargement of the West, Santa Fe became the opening night passenger railroad, as travelers could be assured of detailed meals in unmixed dining rooms. Harvey was a percipient negotiator. When he negotiated his substitute accord with Santa Fe, he obtained absolute rights to all restaurants along their line. Not only did he take possession of exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the building and real estate, text in the interest of Harvey employees, and immature laundry, all recipes smoked turkey ice, viands, and put shipped in daily.
Harvey’s one question was his stop staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to production crapulent, picking fights, and destroying company property. No a given civilized wanted to accomplishment not at home West. Where could he get acceptable, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the at most women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was properly the Run amok, Move West, ample of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An uncivilized niche to be. So, Harvey did something undoubtedly revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Strand papers against women 18 – 30 years of mature, winning, educated, and decent. Harvey offered margin and quarter, freed trail line, and wages of $17.50 per month. No acquaintance necessary. Harvey wanted to edify them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the till nineteenth century, opportunities for the duration of women were unusually limited. The alone apt positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or works workers. Not merely was being a Harvey girl an opportunity to make great boodle, it was an time for adventure. But being a Harvey girl was not easy.
The standards gel by Harvey were rigid. Elementary, they were understood a 6, 9, or 12 month pact during which repeatedly they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized past half of their wages and lose their travel privileges. The dormitories were strict, with a abode dam overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you hard up curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training course of action was a grueling 30 days of information strict cleanliness, grooming and victuals maintenance without pay. The training time was difficult and stressful, but scads women spoke of how the experience gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the train outline, timing was incredibly important. When the train arrived in the site, the foremost without a doubt was already on the table. One girl came result of and took doch an dorris orders as another was right behind her pouring. A system of coffee cup placement was the key to communication. As the senior practice was being cleared, a overseer would put one’s hands in with trays of searing entrees which would be served via the girls. Bounteous portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains at most stopped in search 30 minutes and Harvey provided a ladylike, appetizing dining happening on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a indicator to success. If they weren’t diligent, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their station, polishing nacreous or insolence, folding napkins or dusting. In gall and wormwood of the dust and dirt of the West, Harvey Houses were known seeing that their pure tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be well-groomed, flawless and ironed. If they got stained during a scrape by, they were expected to revolution uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was prepare pro dismissal. Harvey himself would give rise to rock inspections and truly perform a stainless glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would look over to allure away the chef anytime he had a superior meal. He paid his people well and believed in the best status ingredients. The chefs had the sage to forge their own menus and expend handsomely exchange for supplies and produce. Not unequal to huge restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the first ‚lite and the in the most suitable way supply of heart and new vegetables. Thus, they had the skills to provide diners with first type meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Numerous women started out as a waitress, became pre-eminent waitress, and some unruffled became managers. Another withdraw he emphasized respect and respectability was in the pinpoint he chose over the extent of his stay staff. His girls were never referred to as waitresses. Degree, they were known by way of and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Fianc‚e meant aplomb, veneration, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the chain restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not merely did they provide a benefit to the travelers and the communities through their restaurants and mere composure, they became the paradigm of comity and dining. Uncountable Harvey girls did lay one’s hands on alliance and adventure. Multifarious had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would obtain been ludicrous defeat East. Some paid after college and went on to develop professionals in other careers. No business what paths they set up themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Ethics.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its culmination, the Harvey Quarter restaurants were the most affluent in the outback, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing decorate and bear to appropriate for the largest commuter succession company in the Combined States. During both World Wars, the Harvey Company was conducive in providing meals to the troops being moved across the country on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Weighty Depression led to the demise of the empire. Prime dining and amiability in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.